Adaptive computing system capable of being trained to recognize patterns



3,267,431 UTING SYSTEM CAPABLE 0F BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS 37 Sheecs-Sheat 1 Filed April 29, 1953 Aug. 16, 1966 H, J, GREENBERG ETAI. 3,267,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM GAPABLE 0F BEING TRAINED To RECOGNIZE PATTERNS Filed April 29, 1963 57 Sheets-Sheet 2 F L I P-I-'LoP "AND GATE 1 II o 8* G F|G.2

FIG. 3 OR GATE INVERTER OR I I FIG. 4 F IG. 5

AMPLIFIER FIG. 6

I DELAY CIRCUIT SINGLE-SHOT MULTIVIBRATOR DELAY TT S5 L FIG.7 FIG. 8

RING COUNTER I I ITTTT ITPT l i O DELAY 1 0 LEIAI SET Io 5 5 R IIIIsTsTIcE j l I f sIIIFT PIILsEs I FIG.9

Aug 15, 1966 H. J. GREENBERG ETAT.

3,267,431 ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS Filed April 29, 1963 37 Sheets-Sheet 5 COUNT PULSES S 2O HEM +51 a IREADOUTATG REsETTooI RO-TCRO I FIG," 5PULSE COUNTER couNT DELAY PuLsEs S 1 s 1 58? R 0 JR 0 S 1 I READouT L F* TER O a ||ATo,5,1o,15,ETc

READ-ONLY REGISTER F I G 2 20UTPUT y 422 1 0 1 0 1 0 :1T T T WR|TEREAD REGISTER FIGJB 2ouTPuT 2 22 1 o T o 1 o R s R s R RESET s To ALL rs l RESET Too l 21NPuT 2* 22 Aug. 16, 1966 Filed April 29, 1963 H. .L GREENBl-:RG ETAL 3,267,431 ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS 57 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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wy-ww j Aug. 16, 1966 H. J. GREENBERG ETAI- ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED To REGOGNIZE PATTERNS 3'? Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed April 29, 1963 I Filed April 29. 1963 Aug. 16, 1966 H. .1` GREENBERG ETAL ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS FIG.

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3'? Sheets-Sheet 65 AUTOCORRELATION FUNCTION Aug. 16, 1966 H, J, GREENBERG ETAL 3,267,431

ADAPTLVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE 0F BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS 57 Sheets-$heet 7 Filed April 29, 1963 LlNEAR FUNCTIGNAL MASK AUTO- PATTERN CORRELATION FUNCTION OZJTYO )I 2 OO 5:(92 100114 AII- 01010 22111 (0502 211111 1010 37.954 All! 20m/..611 /.Jl 1 5 mamme? 5.14.1 .1J51 1 2 mi? A111110 42221 92422 22u02 2101.

Aug. 16, 1966 1-1. J. GREENBERG ET AL 3,267,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS 3'? Sheets-Sheet s Filed April 29, 1963 FIG.28

LINEAR FUNCTIONAL MASK AUTO- PATTERN CORRELATION FUNCTION no fwm 011962 11. 1 1 O EOMINM 7.2709

..111 www0 42121 44222 1114445 4222 21A/ 1| Aug. 16, 1966 H. J GREENBERG ETAL. 3,257,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS 57 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed April 29. 1963 COMPARISON PRODUCTS BETWEEN CLASSES R EFERENCE PATTERN Aug. 16, 1966 H. J GREENBERG ETAL 3,267,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAP/TELE F BEING TRAINED To RECOGNIZE PATTERNS Filed April 29, 1963 '2 Sheets-Sheet lO f245 sHTFT FTF@ (255 f r248 FCTTTTT a www sm FT RF@ 1 f32e SHIFT coNTRoL T T05 Hom zoTTTAL f s we FP e. R EG `GENERATOR vFRTT cAL f f I swFE P a R EG HT GENERATOR /ToT /405 l a R EG F G, 30 (l FIG. o

Aug. 16, 1966 H, @REE-NBER@ ET AL 3,267,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS Filed April 29, 1965 37 Sheets-Sheet l1 Aug. 16, 1966 Filed April 29. 1965 FIG.30c

H. J GREENBERG ETAL 3,267,431 ADAPTlvE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE 0F BEING N TRAINED To RECOGNIZE PATTERNS 57 Sheets-Sheet l2 MAXEMUM SIGNAL QNDECATOR REJECT Aug. 16, 1966 T-T, .T GREENBERG ETAT. 3,267,43

DAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS Filed April 29, 1965 57 Sheets-'Sheet 14 fm D FFGAU CT NERTTOAE sNEEP CEN [231 A TI I HORIZONTAL 8 CREER CEN T 8T 215 f/ ZH 'l N 20C/13'sT L L-STARTROECE 255 T B 4/2 .L CLOCK JE'TY G/ 8T NURSES w REAO ONT AT 4A TW OOONT UNT I RESET TOO ROEsEs COUNTER J- SS N I 255 22k# o REAO OOT AT 45/ R T T L OIR/225 j 22T 215 f f COUNT RuLsEs O C E\ REAO OuT ATO 5 PULSE @a CLICK COUNTER PULSES REsETTO'OI f21C COONTPOLsEs COUNTER RESET OOT AT 'O' 21T RESET TO'O TTON j Aug. 16, 1966 H. J GREENBERG ETRE 3,267,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS F'ilea April 29, '1963 37 Sheets-'Sheet l5 SHlFT REGISTER m RESET mw LTRT 215| 44|1T5| SHIFT U U L U U 245 255 i- Iw l REsET\ sRTTT REGTETER cf j Q1 2 5 44 45] a SH" T u u Eff-"ET ET 245 7 247 249 2281 RESET 0R 0R 8 w L Y T P1 R 25T T T/2URTT 279 DELAY ggg s 29s /ZUNIT 1UN|T 277 RELAY C\ DELAY OR UY 25s M f259 5l OR 1 a, s i

R o 26T T 261 T 1 s N\ P\ @N 0R J 269 293 285 CLOCK 26 265 I PuLs 1 I TBI e* 45 PULSE 4, COUNTER I y n 2uN|T TUNTT 1 UNR 29g/- S5 SS SS 314\ %gq|\ 525 2UR|T SRTTT PuLsEs 298 PC2225 T 2S ivd .W ET o 2 125 24 RESET Aug. 16, 1966 H. J GREENBERG ET AL 3,257,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS 37 SheetsSheet 16 Filed April 29, 1963 Aug. 16, 1966 H. J GREENBERG @TAL 3,267,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS Filed April 29. 1953 5'? Sheets-Sheet l 7 FE D@ "wccumfo "1 "ADOUR-22 CORRECTION NEEDED ADD PULSE Aug. 16, 1966 H. .1 GREENBEEEG ETAL. 3,267,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS Files April 2.9, 1965 57 Sheets-Sheet 1S E M "zmccqEE-o 505 E 1 2 10 299 Mum' "2" ACCUMfi CoRREcHoN NEEDED ADD PULSE RESET T0 '0 Aug. 16, 1966 H, J GRE-Emma; ET AL 3,267,431

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF BEING TRAINED TO RECOGNIZE PATTERNS Filed April 29, 1963 57 Sheets-Sheet .19

CORRECTION NEEDED I Aug. 16, 1966 H, ,jv GREENBERG ET AL 3,267,43

ADAPTIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM CAPABLE 0F BEING TRAINED To HECOGNIZE PATTERNS Filed April 29, 1965 57 Sheets-Sheet 2 N /0 "gi/w "o" AccuN. d IDENNHCANON l. 2621 1 .ADDPULSE lRiismm'o' c Ywl 

1. AN ADAPTIVE RECOGNITION SYSTEM FOR IDENTIFYING A SPECIMEN BASED ON ITS SIMILARITY OF MEMBERS OF A SET OF REFERENCE PATTERNS COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION: MEANS FOR GENERATING NONRANDOM FUNCTIONS OF THE SPECIMENS; MEANS FOR LINEARLY COMPRSING THE GENERATED FUNCTIONS WITH REFERENCE FUNCTIONS TO PROVIDE AN INDICATION OF THE REFERENCE PATTERN THAT IS THE MOST SIMILAR TO THE SPECIMEN FOR EACH SPECIMEN, WHERE EACH REFERENCE FUNCTION CORRESPONDS TO A MEMBER OF THE SET OF REFERENCE PATTERNS; AND SELECTIVELY-CONTROLLABLE MEANS RESPONSIVE TO THE COMPARISON MEANS FOR ALTERING THE REFERENCE FUNCTIONS DURING A TRAINING MODE OF OPERATION TO IMPROVE THE COMPARISON BETWEEN THE GERATED FUNCTIONS AND A CORRESPONDING REFERENCE FUNCTION THAT IS MOST SIMILAR, AND TO LESSEN THE COMPARISON BETWEEN THE GENERATED FUNCTIONS AND AT LEAST ONE OTHER NONCORRESPONDING REFERENCE FUNCTION AND FOR PROVIDING AN INDICATION OF THE IDENTITY OF THE SPECIMENS BASED ON THEIR SIMILARITY TO THE MEMBERRS OF THE SET OF REFERENCE PATTERNS, AS DETERMINED BY BY THE COMPARISON MEANS, DURING AN OPERATING MODE OF OPERATION. 